I completely agree to this that encouraging the efforts make the employee to put in more efforts and with higher zeal and enthusiasm, however there are scenarios when the efforts can only be rewarded if the outcome is favorable so off course efforts are important but the outcome too matters.
I don't work for pay. Although, of course, I receive a salary. I have several goals in life. And I go to them. This is the strongest motivator for me. And the reward is just a concomitant.
I lean towards outcomes, but specifically in the long run. If someone makes mistakes, that's okay; if they learn from it and apply those learnings later on, then in the long run we should stronger outcomes and results. A focus on effort doesn't necessarily emphasize working smart, learning and improving - effort for efforts sake can lead people to work long un-focused hours and yet not achieve.
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Serand
Morgen